{"id":738836,"date":"2024-04-29T07:59:13","date_gmt":"2024-04-29T06:59:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.architectsjournal.co.uk\/?p=738836"},"modified":"2024-04-29T09:16:41","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T08:16:41","slug":"retrofirst-stories-how-two-architects-and-a-dog-gave-new-life-to-a-bank-in-brum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.architectsjournal.co.uk\/news\/retrofirst-stories-how-two-architects-and-a-dog-gave-new-life-to-a-bank-in-brum","title":{"rendered":"RetroFirst stories: How three architects and a dog revived a bank in Brum"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

With up to 40 per cent of carbon emissions coming from the construction industry, the profession needs to find ways of adapting the type of buildings it designs, and fast. The default option for any project should be to adapt and re-use an existing building, one of the key demands of the AJ\u2019s\u00a0RetroFirst campaign<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Our ongoing series seeks to celebrate the projects that save buildings from ruin or give them a brand new life.<\/p>\n

Today we hear from Greg Willis of Make Architects<\/a> about how they worked with heritage expert Donald Insall Associates, delivery architect Glancy Nicholls and Pip \u2013 a rothound trained to sniff out dry rot \u2013 on the conversion of an abandoned 1930s bank into a flexible city centre events space for the University of Birmingham.<\/p>\n

The University of Birmingham Exchange<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"

Original banking hall pre-retrofit<\/p>\n\t

Source:Make Architects<\/p><\/div>\n

Tell us about the project?
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Project

Project architect at Make, Greg Willis<\/p>\n\t

Source:Make<\/p><\/div>\n

Birmingham\u2019s former Municipal Bank is a prominent neo-classical, Grade II-listed building in Centenary Square, which we retrofitted into a civic hub for the University of Birmingham.<\/p>\n

Originally designed by Midlands architect T Cecil Howitt, the bank was built in 1933. The university was keen to have a presence in the centre of Birmingham and chose the building not only for its location but also for its civic history and communal value.<\/p>\n

The brief from the university was quite strategic rather than specific and itemised. They didn\u2019t initially set out any specific requirements, such as the number of meeting rooms or seminar spaces; their vision was instead focused around three main purposes for the building: engagement, research and influence. Our role was to align this strategic vision with the physical and symbolic value of the building.<\/p>\n

Working with Donald Insall Associates, we developed a value appraisal system where we identified and assessed the historical, aesthetic and communal value of the building.<\/p>\n

This process helped define the areas for public and university users, as well as the restoration and re-use strategy. It also gave us clarity around the specific motifs and detailing that we wanted to celebrate, such as the motto in the banking hall, \u2018Thrift radiates happiness\u2019, and the stained-glass windows embodying Birmingham\u2019s civic values.<\/p>\n

The building now accommodates a range of uses, from a caf\u00e9 in the 320m2<\/sup> former banking hall to a gallery and events space in the original vaults. Other uses include collaborative workspaces, a range of meeting and seminar spaces, and places for research and events. These facilities serve to reconnect the building, and the university, with the wider city.<\/p>\n

Glancy Nicholls was the delivery architect for the project, while we remained client-side during construction.<\/p>\n

What were the challenges of the existing building?
\n<\/strong>We encountered a few challenges that you\u2019d expect in a building of this age. There was asbestos that needed to be removed, and there were various materials that needed to be replaced or repaired due to wear and tear or lack of quality. The building had been vacant since the 1990s, so there were repairs that needed to be undertaken to make it fit for its new life. We also needed to introduce new MEP and plant equipment, as well as modern services, to bring the building up to modern standards without harming the heritage fabric.<\/p>\n

\"\"

The University of Birmingham Exchange Building, corridor with original stained-glass windows<\/p>\n\t

Source:Tom Bird<\/p><\/div>\n

The decisions around what to preserve and what to replace always came back to our discussions of value. In some instances, decisions were based on aesthetic and historical value, such as retaining the front facade and imposing presence of the building on the square. In other cases, we removed some unsympathetic interventions to uncover original details \u2013 such as stripping out suspended ceilings to reveal barrel-vaulted ceilings beyond.<\/p>\n

An early assessment of the historical significance of each space, conducted by Donald Insall Associates, was instrumental to the approach to spatial planning. The layout was a challenge at first, but we were able to work with it and use it to our advantage. The original design was obviously configured around the needs of a bank \u2013 there was a grand front-of-house banking hall and arrival experience, as well as the more utilitarian back-of-house offices and corridors.<\/p>\n

Rather than start again with an empty shell, we worked with the existing layout<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Rather than strip the interior configuration out and start again with an empty shell, we worked with the existing layout and created various spaces to meet the university\u2019s needs within the original building.<\/p>\n

We came up with a strategy of layering the uses, based on the university\u2019s vision. We kept the ground and lower ground levels open to the public, with the banking hall becoming a new social and civic hub and the banking vaults becoming new exhibition and event space.<\/p>\n

The workspaces on level one were adapted into collaborative workspaces to support research for the university. The offices on the second floor were re-used and upgraded for university staff, including the Vice Chancellor. The preliminary work with Donald Insall ultimately resulted in a scheme which brought the grandest spaces back into public use, with supporting functions located in already adapted areas.<\/p>\n

\"\"

[BEFORE] Rear elevation of bank pre-retrofit<\/p>\n\t

<\/p><\/p><\/div>Had demolition or partial demolition ever been considered?
\n<\/strong>Full demolition was never an option. It was important to the University of Birmingham to preserve the character of the building while adapting it for a range of uses.<\/p>\n

The main sustainable ambition for the building was to minimise new-build and demolition, and re-use existing materials as much as possible. This was initiated with a thorough audit where all building furniture, fixtures and fittings were appraised for their integrity, both structural and historic, as well as their value, both social and material.<\/p>\n

A trained \u2018rothound\u2019 named Pip sniffed out the dry rot<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

This included the use of a trained rothound<\/a> named Pip, who was brought to site as part of the site investigations. Pip was able to sniff out dry rot within the fabric of the building, helping to avoid needless disruption of the existing fabric.<\/p>\n

We worked alongside Glancy Nicholls at this stage as well to make sure they were well-versed in the vision for the building.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Pip the ‘rot hound’ in the fomrer bank’s vaults<\/p>\n\t

Source:Glancy Nicholls<\/p><\/div>\n

That said, some demolition was necessary to achieve the university\u2019s goals. The southern elevation of the existing building was never meant to be seen and, therefore, was composed of simple brick with small utilitarian strip windows providing little light into the back-of-house staff areas.<\/p>\n

Using our value-based approach, we took the opportunity here to demolish the utilitarian elevation and design a new informal entrance onto the Bank Court public square, linking the public through the building to Centenary Square.<\/p>\n

While an addition to the building, the new entrance echoes the classical grid of the front and is formed from a powder-coated, bronze-coloured metal portico. The large contemporary glazed panels, composite stone fa\u00e7ade and super slender columns are both of the building\u2019s time and in keeping with the scale and gravitas of the original architecture. This new entrance also gives the university a secondary, more open and inviting frontage to reflect their overall vision.<\/p>\n

The southern brick elevation was never meant to be seen and it was demolished<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The other main intervention was the roof above the banking hall. We replaced the rooflight with a new, more efficient replacement, allowing natural light into the banking hall, thereby reducing the lighting load. It\u2019s supported by a new roof beam system, which itself is supported by the existing building structure, working with the existing structural grid, thereby reducing both the requirement for additional columns and beams and the impact on the internal layout.<\/p>\n

\"\"

The University of Birmingham Exchange Building – new rear elevation replacing the old brick facade<\/p>\n\t

Source:Tom Bird<\/p><\/div>\n

Aside from retaining the original fabric, what other aspects of your design reduce the whole-life carbon impact of the building?
\n<\/strong>Our approach can be summed up in three main ways: we were very selective with demolition; we worked with the existing building and layout; and we re-used as much as we could.<\/p>\n

We deliberately kept modern interventions and internal alterations to a discreet minimum. Where we\u2019ve created new additions, such as the south elevation, we\u2019ve used the opportunity to re-use materials and locate new plant, services and cores within these new elements. Bricks from the demolished southern elevation were reused for the new lift shaft, and any redundant vents and openings were also blocked with these recycled bricks. The new services also improve the operational performance and longevity of the building.<\/p>\n

Bricks from the demolished elevation were reused for the new lift shaft<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Reusing materials also had the dual benefit of adding to the story of the project. For example, the banking hall floor of terrazzo and parquet was repaired, providing a unique visual memory of the location of the banking desk and the original boundaries between \u2018front\u2019 and \u2018back\u2019 of house.<\/p>\n

Were the planners supportive of the proposals?
\n<\/strong>Yes, they supported our approach of assessing value from day one – and the re-use principles. They even used our own methodology to push us further, challenging us to find a use for materials and elements that we’d originally planned to remove. The planners were also very supportive of the university and its vision.<\/p>\n

This meant the project went through the planning process fairly easily, receiving planning permission in 2018.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

What have been the main lessons from the project that you could apply on other developments?
\n<\/strong>The main takeaway from this project is the multifaceted nature of value and how we assess the significance of existing buildings. And this applies not just to listed buildings, but all buildings \u2013 every building has a story to tell, and it can generate value and be incredibly influential in the design process.<\/p>\n

Through our consultation process, we heard from people who recalled meeting their spouse in the old banking hall, and people who had their first experience of banking in the building when they were a child. These personal stories combine to create community value, and that\u2019s why we wanted to keep these spaces open to the public.<\/p>\n

Now the conversation around retrofit is heavily driven by environmental factors, which are also vitally important. Therefore, it\u2019s important to keep an open mind when assessing a building\u2019s value, because value encompasses historical, communal, aesthetic, financial and environmental aspects \u2013 all of which should be taken into account when designing for a sustainable future.<\/p>\n

Is your approach to retrofit and the way you talk about it with clients changing, especially given the increased focus on the climate emergency?
\n<\/strong>Having worked on various scales of retrofit across multiple sectors, we know there are no cookie-cutter solutions. We approach all projects with sensitivity, regardless of historic value, as we believe all buildings, structures and sites have a special interest, whether to the local community or the broader public.<\/p>\n

There\u2019s been a massive shift in how existing buildings are treated<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

There has been a massive shift in the way existing buildings are treated by investors, developers and designers over the past few years. Historically we’d look with the client at the opportunities of reusing an existing building in a binary way. If a retrofit could be made to work it would be, but if the brief stretched beyond the basic constraints of what existed on a site, often it would move to an efficient new build quite quickly. The change now is that the briefs are adapting to suit the existing buildings, creating a new step in the feasibility and briefing process.<\/p>\n

Existing buildings are being treated as an ingredient of the \u2018new building\u2019, whether the scheme is simply refreshing and upgrading what exists, or undertaking a full reimagining of the existing, sculpting a new development around what\u2019s there. Yes, there is still demolition in many of these deep retrofits, but the retrofit process drives more general sustainable thinking, minimal ground works and lightweight structures.<\/p>\n

We categorise the scope of works required for any given project using our sliding scale of intervention, which ranges from \u2018refresh\u2019 to \u2018repurpose\u2019 to \u2018reimagine\u2019. Once we\u2019ve investigated a range of options for every project, we creatively review them against our client\u2019s brief and budget.<\/p>\n

New policies draw a line in the sand on wholesale demolition<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

As a practice, we\u2019ve found the London Plan Circular Economy statements to be extremely helpful in communicating with clients that the shift in the industry is not just best practice but a legislative horizon.<\/p>\n

Combined with the recently announced consultations on Westminster\u2019s new Policy 43 and the City of London 2040, these policies draw a line in the sand. They show that wholesale demolition and new build approaches are examples of 20th <\/sup>century thinking, but we\u2019re now in an era which demands that we face up to the climate emergency.<\/p>\n

\"\"

The University of Birmingham Exchange – banking vaults as exhibition space<\/p>\n\t

Source:Simon Leach Design<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

With up to 40 per cent of carbon emissions coming from the construction industry, the profession needs to find ways of adapting the type of buildings it designs, and fast. The default option for any project should be to adapt and re-use an existing building, one of the key demands of the AJ\u2019s\u00a0RetroFirst campaign. Our …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":915,"featured_media":739185,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"categories":[681],"tags":[1597,5950,6196,1342,3400],"yoast_head":"\nRetroFirst stories: How three architects and a dog revived a bank in Brum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The latest in an AJ series looking at architects who have saved buildings from the bulldozers or given them a new lease of life\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.architectsjournal.co.uk\/news\/retrofirst-stories-how-two-architects-and-a-dog-gave-new-life-to-a-bank-in-brum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" 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